Preparation of drug loading system of black phosphorus nanosheets and its anti-ischemic brain injury / 药学学报

In this study, black phosphorus nanosheets (BP) were prepared by the ordinary liquid phase method, and resveratrol was loaded on the BP after being modified by polyethylene glycol. The brain targeting of BP was investigated by fluorescent protein labeling, and the effects of black phosphorus on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were studied by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, neurobehavioral evaluation, and brain edema. Protein immunoblotting analysis was used to explore the molecular mechanism of the BP drug delivery system on ischemic brain injury. Hemolysis test and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining were used to evaluate its biocompatibility. The results showed that BP had excellent drug loading capacity, uniform drug loading system structure and particle size, stable drug release curve, and excellent photothermal effect. Through the analysis and comparison of fluorescence intensity, it was found that BP can increase the permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) under the condition of near-infrared light assisted irradiation, and make drugs more pass through the BBB. In addition, the black phosphorus nano tablet drug delivery system can significantly improve the neurobehavioral disorder of mice after modeling, and the cerebral infarction area and brain edema degree are significantly decreased. Western blot experiments showed that the drug delivery system could play an anti-ischemic brain injury role by activating the expression of antioxidant signaling pathway proteins nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). The hemolysis test and H&E test results of the BP drug carrier system showed that it had no obvious toxicity and high safety. In conclusion, the BP prepared in this study had high drug loading, good photothermal performance, and high safety. Under the near-infrared condition, they also have certain brain targeting ability, which can improve the therapeutic effect of drugs in the brain. Animal welfare and experimental procedures were following the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University.

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Erigeron breviscapus Based on SSR Markers / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the genetic diversity and population structure of <italic>Erigeron breviscapus</italic>， so as to provide a scientific basis for its resource protection and rational utilization. Method:Twelve pairs of simple sequence repeat（SSR） primers were screened out from 243 individuals in 16 natural populations to calculate the genetic diversity parameters of <italic>E. breviscapus</italic>， which were then subjected to principal coordinate analysis and cluster analysis. Result:Twelve SSR markers generated 209 alleles， with an average of 17.417 alleles per locus. Based on 12 SSR markers and 16 populations of <italic>E. breviscapus</italic>， the observed heterozygosity （<italic>H</italic>₀） values were determined to be 0.603 and 0.613， the expected heterozygosity （<italic>H</italic>_e）to be 0.658 and 0.659， and the Shannon's information index （<italic>I</italic>） to be 1.443 and 1.446， respectively. The Wright's fixation index （<italic>F</italic>_st） was 0.123 and gene flow （<italic>N</italic>_m） was 2.077. Analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） and genetic differentiation revealed that genetic variation within populations was the main source of total variation. The Nei's genetic distance and genetic identity coefficients were within the ranges of 0.107 （YA and XY）-0.713 （SZ and XZD） and 0.490 （SZ and XZD）-0.899 （YA and XY）， respectively. As demonstrated by the principal coordinate analysis and cluster analysis， the 16 populations of <italic>breviscapus </italic>were divided into two clusters. Conclusion:The genetic diversity of <italic>E. breviscapus</italic> was relatively high and there existed certain genetic differentiation and gene flow within and among populations. The genetic variation was mainly present within populations. All these have provided reference for subsequent study on good germplasm selection of <italic>E. breviscapus.</italic>

Whole-course, individualized, and standardized sequential nutrition therapy for radical resection of tongue cancer: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are the main treatments for tongue cancer, but the nutritional status of patients is not considered. Nutritional treatment is often not standard or by experience. This article reports a patient with tongue cancer who underwent preoperative chemotherapy and postoperative nutrition treatment. The entire process of individualized and sequential nutrition therapy was adopted, and the nutritional status of the patient was significantly improved. This paper describes the methods of nutrition therapy and evaluation and discusses the treatment process and key points in combination with relevant literature.

Combined anatomic and physiologic scoring systems for predicting in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with severe trauma: A multicenter observational cohort study

Objective: To evaluate the ability of new injury severity score (NISS), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), Glasgow coma scale (GCS), a combination of NISS and GCS, a combination of APACHE II and GCS, a combination of NISS and APACHE II to predict all-cause mortality of patients with severe trauma in mainland China. Methods: This was a multicenter observational cohort study conducted in the ICU of the Chonggang General Hospital, Daping Hospital of the Army Medical University and Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College from January 2012 to August 2016. The score of NISS, APACHE II, GCS, a combination of NISS and GCS, a combination of APACHE II and GCS, a combination of NISS and APACHE II were calculated based on data from the first 24 hours of ICU admission. Data were processed with Student's t-test, chi-square test, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of six scoring systems. Calibration was assessed with the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The primary endpoint was death from any cause during ICU stay. Results: A total of 852 and 238 patients with severe trauma were assigned to the derivation group and validation group, respectively. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.826 [95% confidence interval (CI)=0.794-0.855)] for NISS, 0.802 (95% CI=0.768-0.832) for APACHE II, 0.808 (95% CI=0.774-0.838) for NGCS, 0.859 (95% CI=0.829 -0.886) for NISS+NGCS, 0.864 (95% CI=0.835-0.890) for APACHE II +NGCS, 0.896 (95% CI=0.869-0.929) for NISS+APACHE II in the derivation cohort. Similarly, the score of NISS+APACHE II was also better than the other five scores in the validation cohort (AUC=0.782; 95% CI=0.725-0.833) and had a good calibration (P=0.41). Conclusions: Taking into account anatomical and physiological parameters completely, the combination of NISS and APACHE II performs better than NISS, APACHE II, NGCS, NISS+NGCS, APACHE II +NGCS for predicting mortality in ICU severe trauma patients. It is needful to develop models that contain various types of accessible predictors (demographic variables, injury cause/mechanism, physiological and anatomical variables, etc.) as comprehensive as possible.

Short-term effectiveness of single-level lsobar TTL dynamic internal fixation in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: The short-term effects of dynamic internal fixation and whether dynamic internal fixation system can prevent or delay the process of adjacent level degeneration after lumbar surgery remain in controversy.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short-term clinical effectiveness of single-level Isobar TTL dynamic internal fixation in the treatment of degenerative lumbar diseases. METHODS: Data of 20 patients who suffered from lumbar degenerative diseases and underwent posterior decompression combined with single-level Isobar TTL dynamic internal fixation, including 11 male patients and 9 female patients, were retrospectively analyzed; the average age of these patients was 47.4 (35-62) years old. Visual analog scale, Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores and Oswestry disability index were used to assess clinical outcomes. Disc height, range of motion, and University of California at Los Angeles Grading Scale were measured on X-ray films to evaluate the status of disc degeneration on both dynamic fixed segment (index segment) and superior adjacent segment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All follow-up patients successfully completed the operation. The average follow-up time was 14.4 (12-27) months. No blood vessels, nerve injury, loose internal fixation or rupture occurred. At the last follow-up, Visual Analog Scale, Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores and Oswestry Disability Index were significantly improved (P < 0.05); range of motion of dynamic fixation segment reduced (P < 0.05) as compared with that before surgery. Intervertebral height of dynamic fixation segments and University of California at Los Angeles Grading Scale classification were not significantly different between follow-up and before surgery (P > 0.05). Intervertebral height of superior adjacent segment, intervertebral range of motion and University of California at Los Angeles Grading Scale classification were not significantly different (P > 0.05). These results indicate that single-level Isobar TTL dynamic internal fixation proved to have satisfactory clinical outcomes in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. During follow-up, disc degeneration on either index segment or superior adjacent segment is not accelerated.

Practice and its effects for reducing incidence of peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis for patients in rural area / 中华护理杂志

Objective To reduce the incidence of peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis for patients in rural area and to improve management quality of peritoneal dialysis center.Methods We established multidisciplinary collaborative research group involving departments of nephrology,nutrition,infection,and quality control.Risk factors of peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis in rural patients were analyzed,and prevention measures were designed.The rate of peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis in 89 patients after implementation was analyzed.Results The rate of peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis was decreased from 43 patient·month per time to 67 patient ·month per time.Conclusion The compound pathway can effectively reduce the rate of peritonitis,improve patient satisfaction,and prolong dialysis age.

Climate change impacts on yield of Cordyceps sinensis and research on yield prediction model of C. sinensis / 中国中药杂志

Cordyceps sinensis is a Chinese unique precious herbal material, its genuine producing areas covering Naqu, Changdu in Qinghai Tibet Plateau, Yushu in Qinghai province and other regions. In recent 10 years, C. sinensis resources is decreasing as a result of the blindly and excessively perennial dug. How to rationally protect, develop and utilize of the valuable resources of C. sinensis has been referred to an important field of research on C. sinensis. The ecological environment and climate change trend of Qinghai Tibet plateau happens prior to other regions, which means that the distribution and evolution of C. sinensis are more obvious and intense than those of the other populations. Based on RS (remote sensing)/GIS(geographic information system) technology, this paper utilized the relationship between the snowline elevation, the average temperature, precipitation and sunshine hours in harvest period (April and may) of C. sinensis and the actual production of C. sinensis to establish a weighted geometric mean model. The model's prediction accuracy can reach 82.16% at least in forecasting C. sinensis year yield in Naqu area in every early June. This study can provide basic datum and information for supporting the C. sinensis industry healthful, sustainable development.

Roles of statins for lipid regulation in the pathogenesis and treatment of acute pancreatitis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Besides regulating lipid, statins can inhibit inflammatory response, improve the function of endothelial cells, and protect intestinal mucosal barrier. Therefore, it can be used to relieve the clinical symptoms of acute pancreatitis, shorten the course of treatment, and improve the prognosis, and can play an important role in treatment. With the wide application of statins, their adverse effects are gradually being recognized, including acute pancreatitis. The World Health Organization database lists a variety of statins that can cause acute pancreatitis, but related mechanisms remain unknown. In view of the contradictory results mentioned above, this article reviews the current status, mechanisms of action, and roles of statins in acute pancreatitis and points out that further double-blind trials are needed to investigate the association between statins and acute pancreatitis.

1,5-O-Dicaffeoyl-quinic Acid as a Novel Potential NMDA Receptor Inhibitor from Traditional Chinese Medicine Database by Virtual Screening / 中草药·英文版

Objective Neurodegenerative diseases, such as ischemia, traumatic injury, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease are characterized by neuronal loss and dysfunction. It is known that glutamate-induced toxicity plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases. Glutamate toxicity seems to be mediated by excessive influx of Ca2+ into neuronal cells through activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. To search for potential NMDA receptor inhibitors in traditional Chinese medicine. Methods A series of computer methods including drug-likeness evaluation, ADMET tests as well as molecular docking have been used. Results 1,5-O-dicaffeoyl-quinic acid was identified as NMDA receptor inhibitor by virtual screening. Its neuroprotective activity was further confirmed by in vitro test. 1,5-O-dicaffeoyl-quinic acid showed strong neuroprotection against NMDA-induced cell injury. Conclusion 1,5-O-Dicaffeoylquinic acid may be regarded as a potential NMDA receptor inhibitor for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

Effects of artificial disc replacement with angles on stress of adjacent intervertebral disc / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate stress changes of intervertebral space and adjacent intervertebral space after artificial disc replacement with angles.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Artificial disc replacement with angles were designed according to existing data. Axial pressure, flexion/extension, lateral bending and torsion loading were applied on finite element models of normal cervical discs on C4,5 segments, C4,5 segments with 0 degrees artificial cervical discs and C4,5 segments with 10 degrees artificial cervical discs, then stress changes of C4,5 space was observed. The same loadings were applied on finite element models of normal cervical discs on C4-C6 segments, C4,5 segments with 0 degrees, C4,5 segments with 10 degrees, then stress changes of replaced segments space and adjacent segment space were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For C4,5 segments, 80 MPa/0 degrees artificial discs and 80 MPa/10 degrees artificial discs had the similar equivalent shear stress (Se), and were both larger than that of normal discs, when lateral bending were performed, 80 MPa/0 degrees artificial discs were closed to normal discs when axial pressure and flexion/extension were carried out, while 80 MPa/10 degrees artificial discs had a larger Se than that of normal ones,when torsion loading were applied, Szx/Szy stress of 80 MPa/0 degrees and 80 MPa/10 degrees artificial discs were closed to normal ones. For C4-C6 segments, the axial pressure, flexion/extension and lateral bending of C5,6 were all lower than normal discs after C4,5 discs were replaced by 80 MPa/10 degrees artificial discs, while Szx/Szy of torsion loading were closed to normal ones.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Artificial discs with 10 degrees have less influences on stress of adjacent intervertebral space and closer to mechanical property after being implanted into intervertebral space.</p>

A survey on anemia among children under 7 years of age from 15 minority ethnic groups in Yunnan / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the level and distribution characteristics of anemia of the minority ethnic group children in Yunnan.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The cases with anemia were surveyed from 13 336 samples of 15 minority ethnic groups and Han children in Yunnan by Taking the method of random cluster sampling.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The prevalence of anemia among the children under 7 years of age of 15 ethnic groups of minority in Yunnan was 13.6%. There are differences among the different ethnic groups (χ(2) = 716.33, P < 0.01), the highest was 26.6% in Jingpo, the lowest was 3.5% in Bai. There were differences among the different regions, the prevalence of anemia was high in the border regions City, the highest was 23.8% in Dehong; the prevalence of anemia was low in inland cities, the lowest was 2.7% in Fugong, and was higher in border areas. The prevalence of anemia was higher in boys (13.6%) than in girls (12.1%). There were differences among the different age in the different ethnic groups (6 months to 1 years old: χ(2) = 70.52, P < 0.01; 1 - 2 years old:χ(2) = 185.86, P < 0.01; 2 - 5 years old: χ(2) = 296.12, P < 0.01; 5 - 6 years old:χ(2) = 107.11, P < 0.01; 6 - 7 years old:χ(2) = 185.02, P < 0.01), the highest was 59.0% of Deang in 1 to 2 years old children. The trend of change was that the highest prevalence was seen in 6 months to 1 year old children, the prevalence gradually declined among older children, but rose again in children 6 years of age or older.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of anemia was 13.6% among the children of 15 ethnic minority under 7 years of age in Yunnan. There were differences among different ethnic groups of minority in different prefectures. There were differences among different ethnic groups of different age groups, but it was highest in 6 months to 1 year old children, it declined among older children, and rose in children 6 years of age or older. The prevalence of anemia was related to the ethnic and geographic factors.</p>

Common underlying diseases do not contribute in determining the causes of sudden unexplained death / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Underlying diseases have a statistically significant positive correlation to sudden death. However, sudden unexplained death (SUD) is different from sudden death, as there is no clinical evidence to support the sudden death due to the original underlying disease, nor a lethal pathological basis to be found during autopsy. In addition, SUD are more common in young, previously healthy individuals, usually without any signs of disease, with no positive lesions found after autopsy. Therefore, a causal relationship between SUD and the underlying disease needs to be further explored. This study aimed to explore the role that common underlying diseases play in patients with SUD and to reveal the correlation between them.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The medical records, history and case information of 208 patients with SUD were collected for the survey. All these SUD occurred in the emergency room of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2006 to December 2009. The patients were stratified by with and without common underlying diseases. To examine possible associations between the underlying diseases and the cause of unexplained sudden death, the chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 208 patients, 65 were diagnosed with common underlying diseases while 143 were not. Within these two groups, there were 45 patients for whom the clear cause of death was determined. However, there were no statistically significant differences or strong associations (χ(2) = 1.238, P > 0.05) between the 11 patients with (16.90%) and 34 without (23.78%) common underlying disease among these 45 patients. We also found that occurrence of the common underlying diseases, such as neurological system, cardiovascular and pulmonary system diseases, are not statistically significant (P > 0.05) in the diagnosis of the SUD.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Common underlying diseases make no obvious contributions to SUD and are not useful in diagnosing the underlying reasons for death.</p>

The impact of acellular dermal matrix on complications of breast reconstruction using tissue expander/implant: a meta-analysis / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the effect of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) on complications of breast reconstruction using tissue expander/implant, and to offer preliminary evidences for ADM clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Articles published from Jan. 2010 to Oct. 2012 were searched in Pubmed, EMbase, Science Direct and CNKI database. Literatures were filtrated according to inclusive criteria. Values were extracted from included literatures; factors regarding complications were collected. Meta-analysis was performed with Stata 12. 0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>10 researches were included. Comparing to control group, the pooled odds ratio (OR) of overall complications, infections, hematomas/seromas, explantations are 1.51(P=0.038), 1.91(P=0.032), 1.80(P=0.005) and 2.37 (P=0.138) in ADM group In breast reconstruction using tissue expander/implant, ADM increases the respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>occurrence of hematomas/sarcomas as well as risks of infections and overall complications.</p>

Clinical analysis of 10 patients with subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to evaluate the clinical and pathological features, prognosis of patients with subcutaneous panniculitis-time T cell lymphoma (SPTCL). The clinicopathologic features, immunophenotypes and treatment of 10 SPTCL patients which confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively. The results showed that the main clinical manifestations of SPTCL were the single or multiple subcutaneous nodules. Of them 8 cases were found with recurrent high fever, weight loss, injury of liver function, bone marrow involvement and pancytopenia. This disease rapidly advanced. Pathologically, atypical large, medium-size and small-lymphocytes rounded the lipocytes look like rosettes. The reactive proliferation of histiocytes accompanied by phagothrocytic phenomena, polynuclear giant cells and granulomatous reaction. The tumor cells infiltrated into the lipolubuls. This lymphoma expressed the cytotoxic T-cell immunophenotype. CHOP regimen was the most common chemotherapy regimen used. 60% patients achieved a good initial response to chemotherapy. 3-year survival was 10%, with median survival time of 10 months. It is concluded that SPTCL is a specific type of lymphoma involving primarily in subcutaneous fatty tissues, most cases of SPTCL display an aggressive course, the disease may progress rapidly and accompanies with unfavorable prognosis. And the prognosis is poor in SPTCL patients with hemophagocytic syndrome. but the allo-HSCT can improve the outcome of this disease.

G6PD deficiency among children under 7 years old from Yunnan with unique ethnic minority origin / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the epidemiological status of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency among children from Yunnan with unique ethnic origins.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DNA samples from 11759 children were tested with fluorescent spot test, G6PD/6PGD quantitative ratio assay and hemoglobin electrophoresis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The detection rate of G6PD deficiency was 2.5%, for which boys were significantly greater than girls (3.5% vs. 1.4%, P<0.05). Significant differences were also detected among children from different ethnic groups and different regions. For ethnic Han Chinese, the detection rate was 0.7%, which was lower than the majority of ethnic minorities. By regression analysis, altitude of residence and family history both have significant influence on the calculated rate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Occurrence of G6PD deficiency seems to be influenced by gender. It also varies substantially between different ethnic groups as well as regions, e.g., more common in south. It also showed a declining trend after years of diagnosis and intervention. This survey may provide a valuable basis for counseling of G6PD deficiency in Yunnan.</p>

Time-series analysis of the relationship between air quality, temperature, and sudden unexplained death in Beijing during 2005 - 2008 / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>There is a yearly increase in the rate of sudden unexplained death (SUD), even through extensive physical examination and the testing of a large number of biomarkers, the cause of sudden death in patients previously in good health cannot be fully determined. During clinical practice, a spatial aggregation phenomenon has been observed in the incidence of sudden unexplained death. Previous research has shown that environmental factors, such as air pollution, weather conditions, etc., have a significant impact on human health. In the wake of the continuous environmental damage, the relationship between environmental factors and sudden unexplained death still needs to be studied. To study the relationship between sudden unexplained death and air quality and temperature, commonly used markers such as particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter < 10 µm (PM(10)), daily average concentration of the gaseous pollutants sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and the daily average temperature were investigated.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The methods include collecting the data of sudden unexplained death; air quality monitoring; meteorological monitoring from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2008; utilizing generalized additive models (GAM); controlling the influential factors such as secular trend, seasonal trend, and Sunday dummy variable; and analyzing the correlation between daily inhalable particle concentration, daily average temperature, and the number of daily SUD.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no statistical significance between the daily inhalable particle and daily incidence of sudden unexplained death. Incidence rate of sudden unexplained death had nonlinear positive correlation with daily temperature. When the temperature was 5°C above the daily average temperature, the daily incidence of sudden unexplained death went up with the rising temperature.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Temperature may be one of the key risk factor or precipitating factor of SUD.</p>

Analysis of the prodromal symptoms of unexplained sudden death in patients with or without underlying diseases / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>In recent years, the incidence of unexplained sudden death has risen significantly across the world. However, it occurred suddenly, often in young apparently healthy individuals and almost 50% of the patients did not have any warning signals or symptoms. Therefore, the prodromal symptoms before the incident are extremely important for early prediction of sudden death. In this article, we aimed to explore the value of prodromal symptoms for unexplained sudden death and whether the prodromal symptoms have a predictive function to unexplained sudden death (USD) without underlying diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 208 sudden death cases were selected for the survey in the Emergency Department of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2006 to December 2009 and their medical records were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups, 65 patients had underlying diseases while 143 had not underlying diseases. In the meantime, their prodromal symptoms were collected and compared, prodromal symptoms including chest distress, dyspnea, syncope, fever, headache, vomiting, etc.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Patients with underlying diseases were compared to those without underlying diseases associated with sudden death; there was no significant difference in gender and age distribution. Among the 208 cases, 39 cases (18.75%) had prodromal symptoms, patients with underlying diseases had prodromal symptoms in 12 cases (18.46%), while patients without underlying diseases had prodromal symptoms in 27 cases (18.88%). The difference between the two groups with prodromal symptoms was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Prodromal symptoms are extremely important warning signals in the occurrence of USD. It has equally important predictive value for patients both with and without underlying diseases, especially in predicting sudden death caused by cardiopulmonary and neurological diseases.</p>

Epidemiological study of thalasaemia among children in Xishuangbanna, Dehong and Nujiang of Yunnan province / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the carrier rate of thalasaemia among the children of 10 minority ethnic groups in 3 border states (Xishuangbanna, Dehong and Nujiang) of Yunnan Province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 6562 samples of children under 10 years old were analyzed by blood cell automatic analysis and hemoglobin electrophoresis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall carrier frequency of thalasaemia was highest (46.2%) in Dehong, and lowest (30.6%) in Nujiang. The carrier frequency of beta-thalasaemia was the highest (40.6%) in Achang, and lowest (2.5%) in Dulong. The carrier frequency of alpha-thalasaemia was the highest (22.1%) in Dai from Xishuangbanna, followed by Dulong (19.1%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Thalasaemia carrier rates were high among the children of 10 minority ethnic groups in Yunnan. There were regional differences in their incidences. The results provide a valuable basis for thalasaemia prevention in Yunnan minorities in the three border states.</p>

Epidemiological study on thalassemia among the children of 0-7 years old among the six ethnic groups in Xishuangbanna and Dehong of Yunnan province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of thalassemia among children of 0-7 years old,from six ethnic groups in Xishuangbanna and Dehong.Yunnan province.Methods 4973 blood samples from children under 7 years old were automatically undergone blood cell count,red cell osmotic fragility and hemoglobin electrophoresis testings.Results The incidence rates of thalassaemia,β-thalassemia was 37.4%,and α-thalassaemia were 22.6%and 14.7% respectively.The thalassaemia incidence rates were significantly different among age groups but not in gender. The incidence of α-thalassaemia was decreasing along with the increase of age.while the incidence of β-thalassaemia was increasing along with the increase of age.Xishuangbanna had the higher incidence than in Dehong and the differences were significant between counties.The incidence of thalassemia of Mengla ranked the first(52.2%)in Xishuangbanna,The difierences between different regions and different nationalities were significant,with β-thalassemia of Achang ranked the first(40.6%),The incidence of α-thalassemia among Han ranked the first as 45.5% while α-thalassaemia and β-thalassemia were different in regions.α-thalassaemia and β-thalassemia were significantly different between different ethnic people in the same regions.Multiple factor analysis showed that region seemed to be a risk factor and the mother's ethnicity was a protective factor and dependent variable on thalassaemia.Conclusion The incidence of thalassaemia in Yunnan Xishuangbanna and Dehong was high among children under the age of 7 and were related to ethnic and regional differences in the areas.Specific genes were proliferated along with the extension of time.Our data provided valuable information on prevention and genetic studies on thalassaemia in the minorities of Xishuangbanna and Dehong in Yunnan province.

Effect of alumina, magnesia, and simethicone tablet ongastric acid and pepsin activity in rats / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Aim To study the effects of alumina, magnesia,and simethicone tabet on the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin activity in rats. Methods The pharmacodynamic indices were measured by the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin activity. Results and Conclusion Compared with the control group,alumina, magnesia, and simethicone inhibited gastric acid and increased pH of gastric juice.A significant decrease occurred in pepsin activity after a doses of 180 mg?kg-1 and 600 mg?kg-1 (P